:root{
  --navy:#0B1B33;--navy-2:#13294A;--ink:#1D2433;--muted:#5B6474;--line:#E4E1D8;
  --paper:#FBFAF7;--white:#fff;--gold:#BF9B4B;--gold-d:#8A6A26;--gold-l:#F4ECDC;
  --serif:'Cormorant Garamond',Georgia,serif;--sans:'Outfit',system-ui,-apple-system,'Segoe UI',sans-serif;
  --r:10px;--wrap:1120px;--narrow:820px;
}
*,*::before,*::after{box-sizing:border-box}
html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}
body{margin:0;font-family:var(--sans);font-size:17px;line-height:1.7;color:var(--ink);background:var(--paper)}
img{max-width:100%;height:auto}
a{color:var(--gold-d);text-underline-offset:2px}
a:hover{color:var(--navy)}
h1,h2,h3{font-family:var(--serif);color:var(--navy);line-height:1.2;font-weight:600}
h1{font-size:clamp(2rem,4.6vw,3rem);margin:.2em 0 .1em}
h2{font-size:clamp(1.55rem,3vw,2rem);margin:2em 0 .5em}
h3{font-size:1.3rem;margin:1.6em 0 .4em}
p,ul,ol{margin:0 0 1em}
li{margin-bottom:.35em}
.wrap{max-width:var(--wrap);margin:0 auto;padding:0 20px}
.narrow{max-width:var(--narrow)}
.skip{position:absolute;left:-9999px}.skip:focus{left:12px;top:12px;background:#fff;padding:8px 12px;z-index:99}
.sr{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0 0 0 0)}
.muted{color:var(--muted);font-size:.92em}

/* header */
.site-header{background:var(--navy);color:#fff;position:sticky;top:0;z-index:50;border-bottom:2px solid var(--gold)}
.hdr{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;min-height:68px;gap:16px}
.brand{text-decoration:none;color:#fff;display:flex;flex-direction:column;line-height:1.1}
.brand-mark{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.6rem;font-weight:700}
.brand-mark span{color:var(--gold)}
.brand-sub{font-size:.72rem;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#C9D1DE}
.menu-btn{display:none;flex-direction:column;gap:5px;padding:10px;background:none;border:0;cursor:pointer}
.menu-btn span{display:block;width:24px;height:2px;background:#fff}
.nav{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:2px}
.nav>li{margin:0;position:relative}
.nav>li>a,.dd-btn{color:#fff;text-decoration:none;font:500 .95rem/1 var(--sans);padding:12px 12px;display:block;cursor:pointer;border-radius:6px}
.dd-btn{background:none;border:0}
.nav>li>a.btn{padding:11px 18px;border-radius:999px}
.nav>li>a.btn-gold:hover{background:#D2B271}
.dd-btn::after{content:"";display:inline-block;width:6px;height:6px;margin-left:8px;border-right:1.5px solid var(--gold);border-bottom:1.5px solid var(--gold);transform:translateY(-3px) rotate(45deg);transition:transform .2s}
.nav>li>a:hover,.dd-btn:hover,.dd.active>.dd-btn,.dd:hover>.dd-btn{background:var(--navy-2)}
.dd.active>.dd-btn{box-shadow:inset 0 -2px 0 var(--gold)}
/* mega menu panel */
.mm{position:absolute;top:100%;left:0;display:none;gap:8px;padding:18px;min-width:300px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--gold);border-radius:0 0 var(--r) var(--r);box-shadow:0 24px 48px rgba(11,27,51,.22);z-index:60}
.mm-wide{min-width:620px;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}
.mm-right{left:auto;right:0}
.mm:has(.mm-feature){min-width:600px;grid-template-columns:1fr 250px}
.dd::before{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:100%;height:10px}
@media (hover:hover) and (min-width:1001px){
  .dd:hover>.mm,.dd:focus-within>.mm{display:grid}
  .dd:hover>.dd-btn::after{transform:translateY(0) rotate(-135deg)}
}
.dd.open>.mm{display:grid}
.mm-h{font-size:.72rem;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--gold-d);font-weight:600;margin:0 0 6px 10px}
.mm ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}
.mm li{margin:0}
.mm a{display:block;color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none;padding:7px 10px;border-radius:8px;line-height:1.3}
.mm a b{font-weight:500;color:var(--navy);display:block;font-size:.95rem}
.mm a small{display:block;color:var(--muted);font-size:.8rem;margin-top:2px}
.mm a:hover,.mm a[aria-current]{background:var(--gold-l)}
.mm-feature{background:linear-gradient(160deg,var(--navy),var(--navy-2));color:#D7DEE9;border-radius:var(--r);padding:18px;font-size:.88rem;line-height:1.5}
.mm-feature strong{color:#fff;font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.25rem}
.mm-feature .btn{margin-top:4px;padding:8px 14px;font-size:.85rem}
.mm-mono{width:54px;height:54px;border-radius:50%;border:2px solid var(--gold);display:grid;place-items:center;font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.4rem;color:var(--gold);margin-bottom:10px}
.cta-li .btn{margin-left:8px}
@media (max-width:1000px){
  .js .menu-btn{display:flex}
  .js #mainnav{display:none}
  .js #mainnav.open{display:block;position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:100%;background:var(--navy);padding:10px 16px 18px;max-height:82vh;overflow:auto}
  .hdr{flex-wrap:wrap}
  .nav{flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch}
  .dd-btn{width:100%;text-align:left;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center}
  .dd.open>.dd-btn::after{transform:translateY(0) rotate(-135deg)}
  .mm,.mm-wide,.mm:has(.mm-feature){position:static;min-width:0;grid-template-columns:1fr;box-shadow:none;border:0;border-radius:var(--r);background:var(--navy-2);padding:8px}
  .mm a b{color:#fff}.mm a small{color:#AEB9CA}
  .mm a:hover,.mm a[aria-current]{background:var(--navy)}
  .mm-h{color:var(--gold)}
  .mm-feature{display:none}
  .cta-li .btn{margin:8px 0 0;text-align:center;display:block}
}
/* buttons */
.btn{display:inline-block;padding:11px 20px;border-radius:999px;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;font-size:.95rem;border:1.5px solid transparent}
.btn-gold{background:var(--gold);color:var(--navy)!important}
.btn-gold:hover{background:#D2B271}
.btn-line{border-color:currentColor;color:#fff}
.btn-line:hover{color:var(--gold)}

/* hero */
.hero{background:linear-gradient(160deg,var(--navy) 0%,var(--navy-2) 100%);color:#E7ECF3;padding:64px 0 56px}
.hero h1{color:#fff;font-size:clamp(2.2rem,5.4vw,3.6rem);max-width:820px}
.hero .lede{font-size:1.15rem;max-width:760px}
.hero .eyebrow{color:var(--gold);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.12em;font-size:.8rem;font-weight:600}
.stats{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));gap:14px;margin:30px 0 26px;max-width:900px}
.stat{border-top:2px solid var(--gold);padding-top:10px}
.stat b{display:block;font-family:var(--serif);font-size:2rem;color:#fff;line-height:1.1}
.stat span{font-size:.85rem;color:#C9D1DE}
@media(max-width:700px){.stats{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}}
.hero .cta-row .btn-line{color:#fff}

/* page */
.page-head{background:var(--navy);color:#fff;padding:28px 0 26px}
.page-head h1{color:#fff}
.crumbs{font-size:.85rem;color:#C9D1DE}
.crumbs a{color:#E9D9B4}
.crumbs span{color:#8FA0B8}
.content{padding:26px 20px 40px}
.reviewed{display:flex;gap:12px;align-items:flex-start;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--gold);border-radius:var(--r);padding:12px 16px;font-size:.92rem;margin:0 0 22px}
.rv-badge{flex:0 0 26px;height:26px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--gold);color:var(--navy);display:grid;place-items:center;font-weight:700}
.lead{font-size:1.1rem;background:var(--gold-l);border-radius:var(--r);padding:18px 22px;margin-bottom:10px}
.lead p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.cite{font-size:.72em;margin-left:1px}
.cite a{text-decoration:none}
.box{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--r);padding:16px 20px;margin:18px 0}
.box h3{margin-top:.2em}
.facts{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(180px,1fr));gap:12px;margin:18px 0}
.fact{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--r);padding:14px 16px}
.fact b{display:block;font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.7rem;color:var(--navy);line-height:1.1}
.fact span{font-size:.88rem;color:var(--muted)}
table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:16px 0;font-size:.95rem;background:#fff}
th,td{border:1px solid var(--line);padding:9px 11px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top}
th{background:var(--navy);color:#fff;font-weight:500}
.tablewrap{overflow-x:auto}
.steps{counter-reset:s;list-style:none;padding:0}
.steps>li{counter-increment:s;position:relative;padding-left:46px;margin-bottom:14px}
.steps>li::before{content:counter(s);position:absolute;left:0;top:2px;width:32px;height:32px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--navy);color:var(--gold);display:grid;place-items:center;font-weight:600}
.cards{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:14px;margin:18px 0}
.card{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--r);padding:16px 18px;text-decoration:none;color:var(--ink);display:block}
a.card:hover{border-color:var(--gold)}
.card h3{margin:.1em 0 .3em;font-size:1.2rem}
.card p{margin:0;font-size:.93rem;color:var(--muted)}

/* video */
.videos{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(300px,1fr));gap:18px;margin:16px 0 8px}
.video{margin:0}
.yt,.yt-list{position:relative;display:block;aspect-ratio:16/9;background:#000;border-radius:var(--r);overflow:hidden}
.yt img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;opacity:.9}
.play{position:absolute;inset:0;margin:auto;width:68px;height:48px;background:rgba(191,155,75,.95);border-radius:12px}
.play::after{content:"";position:absolute;left:27px;top:14px;border-style:solid;border-width:10px 0 10px 17px;border-color:transparent transparent transparent var(--navy)}
.yt:hover .play{background:var(--gold)}
.video iframe,.yt-wrap iframe{width:100%;aspect-ratio:16/9;border:0;border-radius:var(--r);display:block}
.video figcaption{font-size:.9rem;margin-top:8px;color:var(--muted)}
.video figcaption strong{color:var(--ink)}
.consent{font-size:.82rem}
.yt-list{background:linear-gradient(160deg,var(--navy),var(--navy-2));color:#fff;text-decoration:none;display:grid;place-items:center;text-align:center;padding:20px}
.yt-list strong{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.6rem;display:block}

/* faq */
.faq details{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--r);margin-bottom:10px;padding:0 18px}
.faq summary{cursor:pointer;font-weight:600;padding:14px 0;color:var(--navy)}
.faq details[open] summary{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);margin-bottom:10px}
.faq details>div{padding-bottom:12px}

/* related + sources */
.related ul{list-style:none;padding:0;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:8px}
.related a{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--r);padding:10px 14px;text-decoration:none;color:var(--navy);font-weight:500}
.related a:hover{border-color:var(--gold)}
.sources{font-size:.88rem;color:var(--muted);border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:30px}
.sources h2{font-size:1.3rem}
.sources a{word-break:break-all}

/* profile */
.profile{display:grid;grid-template-columns:200px 1fr;gap:24px;align-items:start;margin:10px 0 20px}
.portrait{width:200px;aspect-ratio:4/5;border-radius:var(--r);background:var(--navy);display:grid;place-items:center;overflow:hidden;position:relative}
.portrait img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;position:absolute;inset:0}
.portrait .initials{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:3rem;color:var(--gold)}
@media(max-width:640px){.profile{grid-template-columns:1fr}.portrait{width:160px}}

/* cta band + footer */
.cta-band{background:var(--gold-l);border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:40px 0}
.cta-band h2{margin-top:0}
.cta-band .btn-line{color:var(--navy)}
.cta-row{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;margin-top:14px}
.site-footer{background:var(--navy);color:#C9D1DE;padding:40px 0 30px;font-size:.92rem}
.site-footer h3{color:#fff;font-size:1.15rem;margin:0 0 .5em}
.site-footer a{color:#E9D9B4}
.site-footer ul{list-style:none;padding:0}
.fcols{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));gap:24px}
@media(max-width:860px){.fcols{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}}
@media(max-width:520px){.fcols{grid-template-columns:1fr}}
.family,.contact-line{border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);padding-top:14px;margin-top:14px}
.legal{font-size:.82rem;color:#9FAEC2;margin:.6em 0 0}
@media print{.site-header,.cta-band,.site-footer,.related{display:none}body{background:#fff}}
.keyfacts{border-left:4px solid var(--navy)}
.keyfacts h2{font-size:1.25rem;margin:.2em 0 .4em}
.keyfacts ul{margin:0;padding-left:1.1em}

/* large page head (surgeon profile) */
.page-head-xl{padding:30px 0 40px;background:linear-gradient(160deg,var(--navy) 0%,var(--navy-2) 100%)}
.ph-prof{display:grid;grid-template-columns:240px 1fr;gap:36px;align-items:center;margin-top:16px}
.ph-prof .eyebrow{color:var(--gold);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.12em;font-size:.78rem;font-weight:600;margin:0}
.ph-prof h1{color:#fff;font-size:clamp(2.2rem,5vw,3.4rem);margin:.15em 0 .25em}
.ph-sub{color:#C9D1DE;max-width:720px;font-size:1rem}
.portrait-xl{width:240px;border:2px solid var(--gold);box-shadow:0 20px 40px rgba(0,0,0,.3)}
.portrait-xl .initials{font-size:4.2rem}
.stats-sm{margin:18px 0 0;max-width:760px}
.stats-sm .stat b{font-size:1.7rem}
@media(max-width:760px){.ph-prof{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}.portrait-xl{width:170px}}
.why{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(300px,1fr));gap:14px;margin:16px 0}
.why>div{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--gold);border-radius:var(--r);padding:16px 20px}
.why h3{margin:.1em 0 .4em;font-size:1.25rem}
.why p{margin:0;font-size:.96rem}
.timeline{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:16px 0;border-left:2px solid var(--gold);padding-left:0}
.timeline li{display:grid;grid-template-columns:120px 1fr;gap:14px;padding:10px 0 10px 18px;position:relative;margin:0}
.timeline li::before{content:"";position:absolute;left:-7px;top:18px;width:12px;height:12px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--navy);border:2px solid var(--gold)}
.timeline span{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:700;color:var(--gold-d);font-size:1.1rem}
@media(max-width:560px){.timeline li{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:2px}}
.roles{list-style:none;padding:0}
.roles li{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--r);padding:10px 14px;margin-bottom:8px}
/* surgeon card used on clinical pages and home */
.surgeon{display:grid;grid-template-columns:150px 1fr;gap:22px;align-items:start;background:linear-gradient(160deg,var(--navy),var(--navy-2));color:#D7DEE9;border-radius:14px;padding:24px;margin:26px 0}
.surgeon h2,.surgeon h3{color:#fff;margin:.1em 0 .3em}
.surgeon .portrait{width:150px;border:2px solid var(--gold)}
.surgeon ul{margin:.6em 0 1em;padding-left:1.1em}
.surgeon li{margin-bottom:.3em}
.surgeon a:not(.btn){color:#E9D9B4}
.surgeon .kicker{color:var(--gold);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.12em;font-size:.75rem;font-weight:600;margin:0}
@media(max-width:640px){.surgeon{grid-template-columns:1fr}.surgeon .portrait{width:120px}}
.surgeon-home{grid-template-columns:200px 1fr;padding:30px}
.surgeon-home .portrait{width:200px}
.surgeon-home h2{font-size:clamp(1.8rem,3.4vw,2.4rem)}
.surgeon .btn-line{color:#fff}
@media(max-width:640px){.surgeon-home{grid-template-columns:1fr}}
.portrait img{object-position:50% 12%}
.teamfig{margin:20px 0 26px}
.teamfig img{width:100%;height:auto;display:block;border-radius:var(--r);border:1px solid var(--line)}
.teamfig figcaption{font-size:.88rem;color:var(--muted);margin-top:8px}
.mm-photo{width:64px;height:80px;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 10%;border-radius:8px;border:2px solid var(--gold);margin-bottom:10px;display:block}
.playlist-cta{display:flex;gap:14px;align-items:center;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid #E62117;border-radius:var(--r);padding:14px 18px;margin:14px 0 6px;text-decoration:none;color:var(--ink)}
.playlist-cta:hover{border-color:#E62117}
.playlist-cta strong{display:block;color:var(--navy);font-size:1.05rem}
.playlist-cta small{display:block;color:var(--muted)}
.pl-icon{flex:0 0 46px;height:32px;border-radius:8px;background:#E62117;position:relative}
.pl-icon::after{content:"";position:absolute;left:18px;top:9px;border-style:solid;border-width:7px 0 7px 12px;border-color:transparent transparent transparent #fff}
.videos-1{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,560px)}
.brand{flex-direction:row;align-items:center;gap:10px}
.brand-txt{display:flex;flex-direction:column;line-height:1.1}
.brand-head{width:30px;height:auto;display:block}
.maker{background:#fff;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:26px 0}
.maker-in{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px;flex-wrap:wrap}
.maker p{margin:0;max-width:520px;color:var(--muted);font-size:.95rem}
.maker img{width:360px;max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block}
/* narrow screens: never wider than the viewport */
.videos{grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(min(300px,100%),1fr))}
.cards,.related ul{grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(min(240px,100%),1fr))}
.why{grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(min(300px,100%),1fr))}
.btn{max-width:100%;white-space:normal;text-align:center}
.video figcaption,.sources{overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.diagram{margin:22px 0;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--r);padding:10px}
.diagram img{width:100%;height:auto;display:block}
.diagram figcaption{font-size:.88rem;color:var(--muted);margin:8px 6px 2px}